![]() The Qur'an links the four forbidden months with Nasī ', a word that literally means "postponement". However, Muslim historians do not link these months to a particular season. A similar if not identical concept to the forbidden months is also attested by Procopius, where he describes an armistice that the Eastern Arabs of the Lakhmid al-Mundhir respected for two months in the summer solstice of 541 CE. ![]() The forbidden months were four months during which fighting is forbidden, listed as Rajab and the three months around the pilgrimage season, Dhu al-Qa‘dah, Dhu al-Hijjah, and Muharram. The Islamic tradition is unanimous in stating that Arabs of Tihamah, Hejaz, and Najd distinguished between two types of months, permitted ( ḥalāl) and forbidden ( ḥarām) months. Both al-Biruni and al-Mas'udi suggest that the ancient Arabs used the same month names as the Muslims, though they also record other month names used by the pre-Islamic Arabs. At least some of these South Arabian calendars followed the lunisolar system. Inscriptions of the ancient South Arabian calendars reveal the use of a number of local calendars. Historyįor central Arabia, especially Mecca, there is a lack of epigraphical evidence but details are found in the writings of Muslim authors of the Abbasid era. In the Gregorian calendar reckoning, 1444 AH runs from approximately 30 July 2022 to 18 July 2023. Īs of 30 July 2022 CE, the current Islamic year is 1444 AH. In English, years prior to the Hijra are denoted as BH ("Before the Hijra"). In Muslim countries, it is also sometimes denoted as H from its Arabic form ( سَنَة هِجْرِيَّة, abbreviated ھ). In the West, dates in this era are usually denoted AH ( Latin: Anno Hegirae, "in the year of the Hijrah"). During that year, Muhammad and his followers migrated from Mecca to Medina and established the first Muslim community ( ummah), an event commemorated as the Hijrah. This calendar enumerates the Hijri era, whose epoch was established as the Islamic New Year in 622 CE. In almost all countries where the predominant religion is Islam, the civil calendar is the Gregorian calendar, with Syriac month-names used in the Levant and Mesopotamia ( Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon and Palestine) but the religious calendar is the Hijri one. It is used to determine the proper days of Islamic holidays and rituals, such as the annual fasting and the annual season for the great pilgrimage. ![]() ![]() The Hijri calendar ( Arabic: ٱلتَّقْوِيم ٱلْهِجْرِيّ, romanized: al-taqwīm al-hijrī), also known in English as the Muslim calendar and Islamic calendar, is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 lunar months in a year of 354 or 355 days. See Islamic calendar.Islamic calendar stamp issued at King Khalid International Airport on 10 Rajab 1428 AH (24 July 2007 CE) Some Gregorian dates may vary slightly from those given, and may also vary by country. Twelve of these months make up an Islamic year, which is 11 days shorter than the Gregorian year. The Islamic calendar alternates months of 29 and 30 days (which begin with the new moon). The Islamic calendar is based on the synodic period of the Moon's revolution around the Earth, approximately 29 1⁄ 2 days. Main article: Umrah Dates of holidays and other days of note It's customary to eat special meals with family on this day. Friday Prayers (Juma) are congregational prayers held in mosques, and Muslims are encouraged to wear clean and refined clothes, perfume, and bathe. Conversely, the Day of Arafah, the day before Eid al-Adha, is the holiest day of the Islamic year.Īdditionally, Friday is considered the holiest day of the week, and in Islamic tradition, is considered a celebration in itself. The Night of Power, one of the last 10 nights of Ramadan, is the holiest night of the year. There are a number of other days of note and festivals, some common to all Muslims, others specific to Shia Islam as a whole or branches thereof.īoth Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha follow a period of 10 holy days or nights: the last 10 nights of Ramadan (Eid al-Fitr), and the first 10 days of Dhu al-Hijjah (Eid al-Adha). Both holidays occur on dates in the lunar Islamic calendar, which is different from the solar-based Gregorian calendar, so they are observed on different Gregorian dates every year. There are two official holidays in Islam, Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha, which are celebrated by Muslims worldwide.
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